目 錄
第1章 總論 ........................................................................................................1
1.1 編制依據........................................................................................................1
1.2 研究范圍........................................................................................................1
1.3 編制原則........................................................................................................1
1.4 遵循的主要標準規范....................................................................................2
1.4.1 工藝設計規范 ........................................................................................2
1.4.2 管線設計規范 ........................................................................................2
1.4.3 HSE設計規范 ..........................................................................................2
1.4.4 站場設計規范 ........................................................................................2
1.4.5 制圖規范 ................................................................................................3
1.5 主要研究結論................................................................................................3
1.5.1 資源概況 ................................................................................................3
1.5.2 市場概況 ................................................................................................3
1.5.3 工程概況 ................................................................................................3
1.5.4 問題與建議 ............................................................................................5
第2章 油源分析 ...............................................................................................6
2.1 產量規劃........................................................................................................6
2.2 物性分析........................................................................................................6
第3章 管道線路工程 .......................................................................................9
3.1 線路走向方案................................................................................................9
3.1.1 選線基本原則 ........................................................................................9
3.1.2 線路走向方案說明 ................................................................................9
3.1.3 沿線自然概況 ......................................................................................11
3.2 管道敷設......................................................................................................12
3.2.1 線路工程特點 ......................................................................................12
3.2.2 管道敷設的要求 ..................................................................................12
3.3 管道穿跨越方式優選..................................................................................14
3.3.1 河流穿越方案 ......................................................................................14
3.3.2 河流跨越方案 ......................................................................................16
3.3.3 穿跨越方案選擇原則 ..........................................................................17
3.3.4 方案比選 ..............................................................................................18
3.4 定向鉆穿越設計..........................................................................................22
3.4.1 工程流程圖 ..........................................................................................22
3.4.2 定向鉆穿越出入土點 ..........................................................................22
3.4.3 設備選型 ..............................................................................................26
3.4.4 穿越段管道應力校核 ..........................................................................27
3.5 線路附屬設施..............................................................................................31
3.5.1 線路截斷閥室 ......................................................................................31
3.5.2 管道標志 ..............................................................................................33
3.5.3 線路防護工程 ......................................................................................33
3.5.4 施工便道與伴行道路 ..........................................................................33
3.5.5 管道警示牌 ..........................................................................................34
3.5.6 管道錨固 ..............................................................................................34
3.5.7 防洪措施 ..............................................................................................34
3.6 線路主要工程量表......................................................................................35
第4章 輸油工藝 .............................................................................................36
4.1 主要工藝參數..............................................................................................36
4.1.1 設計輸量 ..............................................................................................36
4.1.2 原油物性 ..............................................................................................36
4.1.3 其他基礎數據 ......................................................................................38
4.2 A-B段輸油工藝計算 ....................................................................................40
4.2.1 輸送工藝方式的選擇 ..........................................................................40
4.2.2 保溫層的選擇 ......................................................................................40
4.2.3 工藝計算公式 ......................................................................................40
4.2.4 工藝計算軟件 ......................................................................................42
4.2.5 輸送方案比選 ......................................................................................42
4.3 A-B段管道適應性分析 ...............................................................................50
4.4 B-C段輸油工藝計算 ....................................................................................52
4.4.1 輸送工藝方式的選擇 ..........................................................................52
4.4.2 保溫層的選擇 ......................................................................................52
4.4.3 工藝計算公式 ......................................................................................52
4.4.4 工藝計算軟件 ......................................................................................52
4.4.5 輸送方案比選 ......................................................................................52
4.5 B-C管道適應性分析 ....................................................................................62
4.5.1 階梯輸量工況分年核算 ......................................................................62
4.5.2 夏季管道適應性 ..................................................................................70
4.5.3 管道最大輸量 ......................................................................................72
4.5.4 管道最小輸量 ......................................................................................74
4.6 事故工況及超前保護..................................................................................76
4.6.1事故狀態的控制原則..........................................................................76
4.6.2 事故工況模擬結果匯總 ......................................................................77
第5章 線路用管 .............................................................................................94
5.1 線路用管選用原則......................................................................................94
5.2 管型選擇......................................................................................................94
5.3 管材選擇......................................................................................................94
5.4 壁厚與用鋼量計算......................................................................................94
5.5 管道強度及穩定性校核..............................................................................96
5.5.1 管道強度校核 ......................................................................................96
5.5.2 管道剛度校核 ......................................................................................97
5.5.3 管道軸向穩定性校核 ..........................................................................97
第6章 輸油站場 .............................................................................................99
6.1 站場設置......................................................................................................99
6.2 站場工藝......................................................................................................99
6.2.1 概述 ......................................................................................................99
6.2.2 A首站 ..................................................................................................100
6.2.3 B輸油站 ..............................................................................................101
6.2.4 1#、2#加熱站 .....................................................................................102
6.2.5 C末站 ..................................................................................................103
6.3 C末站站場設計 .........................................................................................103
6.3.1 油罐區設計計算 ................................................................................104
6.3.2 鐵路作業區設計計算 ........................................................................107
6.3.3 水力計算 ............................................................................................109
6.3.4 鐵路發油泵型號 ................................................................................114
6.4 主要設備選型............................................................................................115
6.4.1 AB段A首站泵機組選擇 ...................................................................115
6.4.2 BC段B首站泵機組選擇 ....................................................................118
6.4.3 原油儲罐容量確定與選型 ................................................................120
6.4.4 加熱爐選型 ........................................................................................121
6.4.5 清管設備 ............................................................................................122
6.4.6 閥門 ....................................................................................................122
6.5 站場工藝用管............................................................................................123
6.6 主要工程量................................................................................................123
第7章 防腐與保溫 .......................................................................................125
7.1 基礎資料....................................................................................................125
7.2 防腐控制....................................................................................................125
7.3 防腐層的選擇............................................................................................125
7.4 儲罐防腐層的選用....................................................................................126
7.5 儲罐保溫材料的選用................................................................................127
7.6 陰極保護....................................................................................................127
7.6.1 陰極保護方案 ....................................................................................127
7.6.2 陰極保護站設置 ................................................................................128
7.6.3 管線陰極保護站的構成 ....................................................................130
7.6.4 陰極保護測試 ....................................................................................131
7.6.5 特殊地段臨時保護 ............................................................................131
7.6.6 電絕緣及電連續性跨接 ....................................................................131
7.7 儲罐陰極保護............................................................................................132
7.7.1 保護方案 ............................................................................................132
7.7.2 陰極保護站構成 ................................................................................132
7.7.3 儲罐陰極保護測試 ............................................................................132
7.8 主要工程量................................................................................................132
第8章 自動控制 ...........................................................................................134
8.1 研究范圍與內容........................................................................................134
8.2 自動控制水平............................................................................................134
8.3 自動控制系統方案....................................................................................135
8.3.1 自控控制系統方案 ............................................................................135
8.3.2 控制系統配置及功能 ........................................................................136
8.3.3 安全儀表系統 ....................................................................................138
8.3.4 陰極保護站監視系統 ........................................................................139
8.3.5 數據通信系統 ....................................................................................139
8.3.6 成套設備測控儀表 ............................................................................139
8.3.7 管道光纖安全預警系統 ....................................................................139
8.4 流量計量與壓力監控................................................................................140
8.4.1 流量計量系統 ....................................................................................140
8.4.2 計量檢定系統 ....................................................................................140
8.4.3 壓力監控 ............................................................................................140
8.4.4 自動取樣系統 ....................................................................................141
8.5 儀表選型....................................................................................................141
8.5.1 儀表選型原則 ....................................................................................141
8.5.2 儀表選型 ............................................................................................141
8.6 儀表供電....................................................................................................141
8.7 主要工程量................................................................................................141
第9章 通信工程 ...........................................................................................144
9.1 工程概況....................................................................................................144
9.2 研究范圍....................................................................................................144
9.3 通信現狀....................................................................................................144
9.4 通信業務種類及需求預測........................................................................144
9.4.1 業務種類 ............................................................................................144
9.4.2 業務需求預測 ....................................................................................145
9.5 通信系統技術方案....................................................................................145
9.5.1 通信方式選擇 ....................................................................................145
9.5.2 通信系統組網方案 ............................................................................146
9.5.3 主要工程量 ........................................................................................148
第10章 供配電工程 .....................................................................................149
10.1 管道沿線電源現狀 .................................................................................149
10.2 用電負荷等級確定和供電要求 .............................................................149
10.3 輸油站動力方案的選擇 .........................................................................149
10.3.1 動力方案的構成 ..............................................................................149
10.3.2 動力方案的確定 ..............................................................................149
10.3.3 各站用電負荷 ..................................................................................150
10.4 供電方案 .................................................................................................151
10.4.1 A聯合站 ............................................................................................151
10.4.2 B首站 ................................................................................................152
10.4.3 1#2#熱站 ...........................................................................................152
10.4.4 C末站 ................................................................................................152
10.4.5 各閥室 ..............................................................................................152
10.5 配電線路敷設方式 .................................................................................152
10.6 防雷防靜電接地 .....................................................................................153
10.7 主要工程量 .............................................................................................153
第11章 公用工程 .........................................................................................155
11.1 總圖運輸 .................................................................................................155
11.1.1 站址 ..................................................................................................155
11.1.2 總平面布置 ......................................................................................155
11.1.3 道路、豎向及排水 ..........................................................................157
11.1.4 車輛配置 ..........................................................................................157
11.1.5 綠化 ..................................................................................................157
11.1.6 主要工程量 ......................................................................................157
11.2 給排水消防 .............................................................................................159
11.2.1 給排水 ..............................................................................................159
11.2.2 消防 ..................................................................................................161
11.3 建筑及結構 .............................................................................................162
11.3.1 概述 ..................................................................................................162
11.3.2 工程范圍及主要內容 ......................................................................163
11.3.3 設計原則 ..........................................................................................163
11.3.4 設計基本參數 ..................................................................................163
11.3.5 主要建、構筑物方案 ......................................................................164
11.3.6 主要結構材料 ..................................................................................164
11.3.7 裝修做法 ..........................................................................................164
11.3.8 抗震設防及防腐處理 ......................................................................165
11.4 維修及搶修 .............................................................................................165
11.4.1 設計原則 ..........................................................................................165
11.4.2 管道維搶修工作內容 ......................................................................165
11.4.3 維搶修機構的設置 ..........................................................................166
11.4.4 維搶修機具配置及人員配備 ..........................................................166
第12章 健康、安全、安保及環保（HSSE） ...............................................169
12.1 健康、安全與安保 .................................................................................169
12.1.1 危害識別 ..........................................................................................169
12.1.2 安全防護措施 ..................................................................................169
12.2 環境保護 .................................................................................................169
12.2.1 工程環境概況 ..................................................................................170
12.2.2 主要污染源及污染物 ......................................................................170
12.2.3 環境影響分析 ..................................................................................171
12.2.4 環境保護措施 ..................................................................................172
12.2.5 預期效果 ..........................................................................................172
第13章 組織機構及定員 .............................................................................173
13.1 原油聯合外輸管道管理機構設置 .........................................................173
13.2 全線定員設置 .........................................................................................173
附錄1 A站工藝流程圖 ...............................................................................175
附錄2 A站平面布置圖 ...............................................................................176
附錄3 B站工藝流程圖 ...............................................................................177
附錄4 B站平面布置圖 ...............................................................................178
附錄5 C站工藝流程圖 ...............................................................................179
附錄6 C站平面布置圖 ...............................................................................180
附錄7 中間站工藝流程圖 ...........................................................................181
附錄8 中間站平面布置圖 ...........................................................................182
插圖索引 ........................................................................................................183
表格索引 ........................................................................................................186
第1章 總論
1.1 編制依據
1）R油田外輸管道設計任務書
2）R油田原油物性測試結果
3）R油田管道穿越河流處的地層巖性特征
4）R油田穿越河流工程地質剖面圖
1.2 研究范圍
1）項目名稱：R油田原油外輸管道可行性研究
2）建設地區：R油田投入開發，初期原通過汽車外運。為了滿足油田開發上產需要，降低汽車拉油成本，需進行原油外輸管道及火車裝方案設計。
輸油干線起點是A聯合站，途經B外輸首站，終點是外輸首站，終點是C裝車站，該原油經火車裝外運給用戶。距離經火車裝外運給用戶。距離A聯合站40km處有一條河流，擬建輸油管道穿越該河流進入B外輸首站，穿越河道長度為1000m 左右。河床相對比較平坦，岸兩側地勢相對較高。
3）項目類型：本項目將新建R油田A-B段油水混輸管道和B-C段原油輸送管道。R油田的混合液通過A-B段輸送到B站點，B外輸首站已建脫水站、含油污水深度處理站各1座，滿足接收A聯合站輸送含水油的需求。然后從B進行外輸，最終在C站進行鐵路發油。
4）研究范圍：R油田原油外輸管道的線路走向、穿越方案、輸油工藝、站場工程及配套工程方案進行研究，同時進行管道運行控制方案研究。
5）整體的經濟性評價由業主單獨委托相關機構完成評估，目前該項工作正在進行中，本版可研報告研究范圍僅在輸油工藝中采用技術經濟進行方案優選，其余部分暫不包含管道工程的投資估算、財務分析和融資方案。
1.3 編制原則
1）嚴格執行國家、行業的有關標準、規程和規范，并參照有關國際標準、規程、規范；
2）以“安全、環保、經濟、適用”為理念進行總體設計；
3）采取可行措施、優化設計方案，使項目改造完成后實現安全、高效運營，從而獲得較好的經濟效益和社會效益。
